Tuam Tshoj: Qhov chaw yug ntawm daim ntawv
c. 105 AD- Cai Lun, tus thawj coj hauv tsev hais plaub ntawm Eastern Han Dynasty, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem sau ntawv. Nws siv cov tawv ntoo, taub hau, daim ntaub qub, thiab cov ntses ntses ua cov khoom siv raw, ua lawv los ntawm kev sib tsoo, pounding, kib, thiab ci. Daim ntawv no tau los ua lub npe hu ua "Cai Hou Paper" thiab suav tias yog keeb kwm ntawm daim ntawv niaj hnub.
Cov ntawv Suav thaum ntxov yog tsim los ntawm kev ncua ntawm hemp pov tseg hauv dej, ntxuav, soaked, thiab raug ntaus mus rau lub pulp nrog ib tug ntoo mallet.
Rattan ntawvhloov cov ntawv hemp thaum ntxov thiab tau nyiam rau ntau pua xyoo.
Xyoob Papermaking hauv Suav teb
Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD)- Tib neeg thawj zaug siv xyoob ua cov khoom siv los ua cov ntawv, ib qho kev ua tiav loj hauv kev siv tshuab papermaking. Txoj kev vam meej ntawm xyoob papermaking qhia tau hais tias thaum ub Suav papermaking tau mus txog qib paub tab.
Lub Tang Dynasty kuj pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab heev: ntxiv alum, ntxiv cov kua nplaum, thov hmoov, nphoo kub, thiab dyeing - tso lub hauv paus rau ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paj ntaub.
Nkauj Dynasty mus ntxiv- Xyoob ntawv tau txais kev txhim kho zoo. Los ntawm Tang los ntawm Qing, Tuam Tshoj tau tsim cov ntawv siv quav ciab xim, kub kub, inlaid kub, ribbed, daim ntawv qhia hnub, ntau cov ntawv nplej, ntawv ntsa, thiab paj ntawv.
Kev sib cav txog kev kawm txog xyoob ntawv keeb kwm nyob rau ntawm ob txoj kev xav: nws pib hauv Jin Dynasty, lossis nws pib hauv Tang Dynasty. Kev pom zoo leans mus rau Tang Dynasty, raws li xyoob pulp papermaking yuav tsum muaj kev txawj ntse tsuas yog muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd.
Tshaj Tawm Tshaj Tuam Tshoj
Papermaking kev paub maj mam kis los ntawm Tuam Tshoj raws txoj kev Silk Road mus rau lub ntiaj teb Islamic, thiab nws thiaj li mus rau Tebchaws Europe los ntawm 12th-13th centuries.
Cov ntawv European tau pib ua los ntawm paj rwb thiab linen rags.
